How often should an organization review firewall rule sets?

The correct choice highlights the importance of proactively managing firewall rule sets to ensure ongoing security. Reviewing firewall rule sets at least every six months or when significant changes occur is crucial for several reasons.

First, the cybersecurity landscape is continuously evolving, with new threats emerging regularly. Regular reviews enable organizations to adjust their firewall configurations in response to new vulnerabilities or changes in their network environment. This practice helps maintain a robust security posture by ensuring that only necessary and relevant rules are in place, thereby minimizing the potential for unauthorized access or data breaches.

Additionally, significant changes within the organization, such as the addition of new services, changes in the network architecture, or updates to existing applications, may necessitate a review of the firewall rules to ensure alignment with current security policies and business needs. Failing to conduct regular reviews can lead to outdated or ineffective rules, making it easier for attackers to exploit security gaps.

This approach thus not only aligns with best practices in cybersecurity but also supports compliance with standards such as PCI DSS, which emphasize the need to regularly maintain and review security measures to mitigate risks effectively.