What is Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)?

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) is defined as an additional security layer requiring more than one form of verification to gain access to a system, application, or network. This approach increases security by combining two or more independent credentials: something you know (like a password), something you have (like a smartphone or hardware token), or something you are (like a fingerprint or facial recognition). By implementing MFA, organizations can significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access, even if one of the factors, such as a password, is compromised.

The other options do not accurately describe MFA. Using only passwords for security does not qualify as multi-factor authentication, as it relies on a single form of verification. Implementing a security measure after a data breach indicates a reactive approach rather than the proactive nature of MFA. Finally, tracking user behavior is not related to authentication methods; rather, it pertains to monitoring and analyzing user activities for security or compliance reasons.